C#下进行directX的3D开发，一个旋转的4棱锥的例子。
建议看两个文档<Managed DirectX 9图形和游戏编程简略中文文档>和<Managed DirectX 9 SDK 中文文档>。
另外最好下载个DirectX SDK (August 2007).rar。里面有些范例还是非常好的。
一、首先在电脑上装了DirectX。
二、建立一个C#的Windows应用程序，添加两个引用Microsoft.DirectX和Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;
三、Form1.cs
具体代码如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Text;using System.Windows.Forms;using Microsoft.DirectX; //开发directx需要包含的两个命名空间using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;
namespace Rectangle
{ public partial class form1 : Form { /// <summary> /// 设备对象，场景中所有图形对象的父对象 /// </summary> private Device device = null;/// <summary>
/// 坐标系四棱锥顶点缓冲 /// </summary> VertexBuffer vertexBuffer = null;/// <summary>
/// 此参数设置为必须，它定义了要创建的Direct3D设备的表示参数，如后台缓冲区的高度、宽度和像素格式、如何从后台缓冲区复制到前台缓存、以及屏幕显示的方式等等 /// </summary> PresentParameters presentParameters = new PresentParameters(); /// <summary> /// 暂停标志 /// </summary> bool pause = false;/// <summary>
/// 随机数，用来生成随机颜色用的 /// </summary> Random rn = new Random();/// <summary>
/// 构造函数，设置窗体大小 /// </summary> public form1() { this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(300, 300); }/// <summary>
/// 初始化绘图环境 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public bool InitializeGraphics() { try { //设置屏幕显示模式为窗口模式 presentParameters.Windowed = true; //设置如何从后台缓冲区复制到前台缓冲区(SwapEffect.Discard表示缓冲区在显示后立即被舍弃,这样可以节省开销) presentParameters.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard; //创建一个设备 device = new Device(0, DeviceType.Hardware, this, CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, presentParameters); //为设备释放订阅事件处理 device.DeviceReset += new System.EventHandler(this.OnResetDevice); this.OnCreateDevice(device, null); this.OnResetDevice(device, null); pause = false; return true; }catch (DirectXException)
{ return false; } }/// <summary>
/// 设备创建时建立顶点缓冲 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> public void OnCreateDevice(object sender, EventArgs e) { Device dev = (Device)sender;//创建顶点缓冲,有个顶点
vertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(typeof(CustomVertex.PositionColored), 18, dev, 0, CustomVertex.PositionColored.Format, Pool.Default); //为创建顶点缓存订阅事件处理 vertexBuffer.Created += new System.EventHandler(this.OnCreateVertexBuffer);this.OnCreateVertexBuffer(vertexBuffer, null);
} /// <summary> /// 设备撤销的事件处理 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> public void OnResetDevice(object sender, EventArgs e) { Device dev = (Device)sender; //关闭剔除模式，使我们能看见此四棱锥的前面和后面 dev.RenderState.CullMode = Cull.None; // 关闭场景里的灯光，显示顶点自己的颜色 dev.RenderState.Lighting = false; }/// <summary>
/// 创建顶点缓存的事件处理 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> public void OnCreateVertexBuffer(object sender, EventArgs e) { VertexBuffer vb = (VertexBuffer)sender; CustomVertex.PositionColored[] verts = (CustomVertex.PositionColored[])vb.Lock(0, 0); //四棱锥原始的个点 Vector3 vertex1 = new Vector3(25, 0, 0); Vector3 vertex2 = new Vector3(0, 0, -25); Vector3 vertex3 = new Vector3(-25, 0, 0); Vector3 vertex4 = new Vector3(0, 0, 25); Vector3 vertex5 = new Vector3(0, 25, 0);//四棱锥中包含个三角形，所以要构造个点来绘制
verts[0].Position = vertex1; verts[1].Position = vertex2; verts[2].Position = vertex5; verts[3].Position = vertex2; verts[4].Position = vertex3; verts[5].Position = vertex5; verts[6].Position = vertex3; verts[7].Position = vertex4; verts[8].Position = vertex5; verts[9].Position = vertex4; verts[10].Position = vertex1; verts[11].Position = vertex5; verts[12].Position = vertex2; verts[13].Position = vertex1; verts[14].Position = vertex3; verts[15].Position = vertex3; verts[16].Position = vertex1; verts[17].Position = vertex4; //给每个点赋予随机颜色 for (int i = 0; i < 18; i++) { verts[i].Color = Color.FromArgb(SetColor(), SetColor(), SetColor()).ToArgb();}
vb.Unlock();
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回到之间的一个随机数，用来生成随机颜色 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public int SetColor() { int number = rn.Next(256); return number; } /// <summary> /// 设置摄像机的位置 /// </summary> private void SetupCamera() { //设置世界矩阵，根据系统运行时间而变化 device.Transform.World = Matrix.RotationAxis(new Vector3((float)Math.Cos(Environment.TickCount / 250.0f), 1, (float)Math.Sin(Environment.TickCount / 250.0f)), Environment.TickCount / 3000.0f); //设置摄像机的位置，它在z轴上-50处，看着原点，y轴为正方向 device.Transform.View = Matrix.LookAtLH(new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, -50f), new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), new Vector3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));//设置摄像机的视界，角度为度，看的最近为,看的最远处为.不再这个视界中的影像都不会被显示
device.Transform.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovLH(((float)(float)Math.PI / 2 ), 1.0f, 10.0f, 200.0f); } /// <summary> /// 绘制图形 /// </summary> public void Render() { if (device == null) return;if (pause)
return;//背景设为绿色
device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target, System.Drawing.Color.Blue, 1.0f, 0); //开始场景 device.BeginScene(); // 设置世界，视野和投影矩阵 SetupCamera();// 给设备指定顶点缓存
device.SetStreamSource(0, vertexBuffer, 0);//设置设备的顶点格式
device.VertexFormat = CustomVertex.PositionColored.Format;//绘制图形，使用的方法为三角形列表，个数为个
device.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 6); //结束场景 device.EndScene();//更新场景
device.Present(); }//重载OnPaint函数
protected override void OnPaint(System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e) { //绘制图形 this.Render(); } }}四，program.cs中的代码为：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace Rectangle
{ static class Program { /// <summary> /// 应用程序的主入口点。 /// </summary> [STAThread] static void Main() { using (form1 frm = new form1()) {if (!frm.InitializeGraphics()) // 初始化 Direct3D
{ MessageBox.Show("不能初始化 Direct3D.程序将退出."); return; } frm.Show();// While the form is still valid, render and process messages
while (frm.Created) { frm.Render(); Application.DoEvents(); //处理当前在消息队列中的所有 Windows 消息 } } } }}运行后你会看到一个不断旋转的四棱锥。